European Space Agency
The European Space Agency is a 23-member international organization devoted to space exploration. With its headquarters in Paris and a staff of around 2,547 people globally as of 2023, ESA was founded in 1975 in the context of European integration. Its 2025 annual budget was €7.7 billion. Derived from Wikipedia licensed CC-BY-SA.
Open Access statistics for European Space Agency, France, covering academic research published from 2000 to 2024. Read More.
Open Access Percentage
52%
Total
Publications
20K
Total Open
Publications
11K
Total
Citations
691K
Open Access
Percentage
52%
Total
Publications
20K
Total Open
Publications
11K
Total
Citations
691K
Breakdown
Publisher Open
10%
Both
28%
Other Platform Open
14%
Closed
48%
Percentage of Open Access over time
Publisher Open
Both
Other Platform Open
Closed
Volume of Open Access over time
Open
Closed
Publisher Open
OA Journal 22%
1.7K
Hybrid 24%
1.8K
No Guarantees 54%
4.1K
Other Platform Open
Institution 73%
6.3K
Preprint 46%
3.9K
Other Internet 33%
2.8K
Public 8%
708
Domain 5%
461
Other Platform Locations
Name | Platform Type | Publications |
|---|---|---|
arXiv | Preprint | 4.5K |
Chiba Institute of Technology - Springer Link | Institution | 1.2K |
Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe - HAL - TYPE ART | Other Internet | 1.2K |
Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe - HAL - Diderot | Institution | 1K |
DANS - Data Archiving and Networked Services - NARCIS - National Academic Research and Collaborations Information System | Institution | 675 |
California Institute of Technology - CaltechAUTHORS | Institution | 637 |
Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe - HAL - memSIC | Other Internet | 626 |
Technical University of Denmark, DTU - Technical University of Denmark, DTU Orbit | Institution | 571 |
Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe - HAL - INSU | Institution | 571 |
CiteSeer X | Other Internet | 537 |