European Space Agency
The European Space Agency is a 23-member international organization devoted to space exploration. With its headquarters in Paris and a staff of around 2,547 people globally as of 2023, ESA was founded in 1975 in the context of European integration. Its 2025 annual budget was €7.7 billion. Derived from Wikipedia licensed CC-BY-SA.
Open Access statistics for European Space Agency, France, covering academic research published from 2000 to 2024. Read More.
Open Access Percentage
53%
Total
Publications
20K
Total Open
Publications
11K
Total
Citations
707K
Open Access
Percentage
53%
Total
Publications
20K
Total Open
Publications
11K
Total
Citations
707K
Breakdown
Publisher Open
11%
Both
32%
Other Platform Open
7%
Closed
50%
Percentage of Open Access over time
Publisher Open
Both
Other Platform Open
Closed
Volume of Open Access over time
Open
Closed
Publisher Open
OA Journal 47%
3.8K
Hybrid 17%
1.4K
No Guarantees 36%
3K
Other Platform Open
Institution 68%
5.3K
Preprint 49%
3.9K
Other Internet 12%
908
Domain 6%
441
Public 3%
241
Other Platform Locations
Name | Platform Type | Publications |
|---|---|---|
arXiv | Preprint | 3.9K |
Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe - HAL - Diderot | Institution | 2.1K |
DANS - Data Archiving and Networked Services | Institution | 719 |
Unknown Repository | Other Internet | 526 |
Spanish National Research Council (CSIC - DIGITAL.CSIC) | Institution | 465 |
PubMed Central | Domain | 441 |
DOI | Other Internet | 439 |
Elsevier - Scopus | Institution | 357 |
U.S. Department of Energy Office of Scientific and Technical Information - OSTI OAI | Institution | 302 |
University of Liège - Open Repository and Bibliography | Institution | 279 |