European Union

The European Union is a supranational political and economic union of 27 member states that are located primarily in Europe. The Union has a total area of 4,233,255 km2 and an estimated population of more than 450 million as of 2025. Derived from Wikipedia licensed CC-BY-SA.

Open Access statistics for European Union, Belgium, covering academic research published from 2000 to 2024. Read More.

Open Access Percentage

57%

Total
Publications

48K

Total Open
Publications

27K

Total
Citations

1.9M

Open Access
Percentage

57%

Total
Publications

48K

Total Open
Publications

27K

Total
Citations

1.9M

Wikipedia

Website

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Breakdown

Publisher Open

18%

Both

20%

Other Platform Open

17%

Closed

45%

Percentage of Open Access over time

Publisher Open

Both

Other Platform Open

Closed

Volume of Open Access over time

Open

Closed

Publisher Open

OA Journal 47%

8.4K

Hybrid 32%

5.6K

No Guarantees 21%

3.7K

Other Platform Open

Institution 50%

Other Internet 42%

7.5K

Domain 27%

4.9K

Preprint 6%

Public 3%

499

Other Platform Locations

Name	Platform Type	Publications
DOI	Other Internet	7.2K
PubMed Central	Domain	4.2K
Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe - HAL - Diderot	Institution	1.5K
Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences	Institution	1.1K
RELX Group (Netherlands)	Institution	849
Unknown Repository	Other Internet	800
Econstor	Domain	653
European Commission	Institution	476
Office of Scientific and Technical Information	Institution	475
Europe PMC	Domain	377

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Data updated 18 August 2025