European Union

The European Union is a supranational political and economic union of 27 member states that are located primarily in Europe. The union has a total area of 4,233,255 km2 and an estimated population of over 450 million as of 2025. Derived from Wikipedia licensed CC-BY-SA.

Open Access statistics for European Union, Belgium, covering academic research published from 2000 to 2024. Read More.

Open Access Percentage

56%

Total
Publications

48K

Total Open
Publications

27K

Total
Citations

1.9M

Open Access
Percentage

56%

Total
Publications

48K

Total Open
Publications

27K

Total
Citations

1.9M

Wikipedia

Website

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Breakdown

Publisher Open

18%

Both

21%

Other Platform Open

16%

Closed

45%

Percentage of Open Access over time

Publisher Open

Both

Other Platform Open

Closed

Volume of Open Access over time

Open

Closed

Publisher Open

OA Journal 47%

8.3K

Hybrid 32%

5.6K

No Guarantees 21%

3.7K

Other Platform Open

Institution 51%

Other Internet 43%

7.5K

Domain 28%

Preprint 5%

821

Public 3%

486

Other Platform Locations

Name	Platform Type	Publications
DOI	Other Internet	7K
PubMed Central	Domain	4.3K
Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe - HAL - Diderot	Institution	1.5K
DANS - Data Archiving and Networked Services	Institution	1.1K
SSRN Electronic Journal	Institution	850
Econstor	Domain	648
Unknown Repository	Other Internet	538
U.S. Department of Energy Office of Scientific and Technical Information - OSTI OAI	Institution	477
European Commission - Joint Research Centre	Institution	477
Econstor - Econstor	Other Internet	454

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Data updated 18 August 2025